Document Type

Poster

Publication Date

2021

Abstract

Abstract

The exponential increase of type two diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among the adult population has become a substantial issue in need of urgent intervention in the United States and globally. Approximately 30.3 million of the United States population were estimated to be living with diabetes in 2015, however, 95% have T2DM. According to existing studies, the increased awareness of T2DM, and the availability of evidence-based Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) support and services, at the local and national level did not positively correlate with the number of T2DM patients with optimal HbA1c level which suggests a gap in practice. The need assessment indicated a poor utilization of evidence-based practice guidelines in DSME for patients with T2DM at the family care clinic. Therefore, this quality improvement study utilized a pre-test and post-test design to answer the PICOT question “What is the effect of DSME integrated with the standard diabetes care in comparison to the standard diabetes care alone on HbA1c in adults with T2DM over three months”? Bandura's Theory of self-efficacy was utilized as the theoretical framework for the study. Data was collected using the Perceived Diabetes Self-Management Scale (PDSMS) to measure the participant’s perception of their ability to effectively care for themselves. And the Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ) to measure self-reported competence at self-managing their disease, before the educational intervention program and three months after. Paired sample t-tests and regression models were used in testing the hypotheses. Results revealed statistically significant improvement patients’ skill and HbA1c levels 3 months after the DSME, therefore, serving as evidence that DSME can be incorporated in the management of T2DM to significantly improve care outcomes.

Keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Diabetic Education, Hemoglobin A1c, Diabetes self-management education, Self-efficacy.

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